Yes you will notice a big difference if you upgrade from Dolby Prologic A/V receiver to a Dolby Digital / DTS A/V receiver.
DTS and Dolby Digital are equivalent formats so difference between them will be minimal but they are both better than Dolby Prologic.
You must know that Dolby Prologic will be 100% effective only when using Dolby Surround / Dolby Digital signals. When you see this logos (in video games, TV programming or DVD discs):
Dolby Surround
http://www.commentcamarche.net/audio/images/dolby-surround.png
Dolby Digital
http://www.big5.tomshardware.com/NewsImages/2002/0000803/logo_dolby_digital.jpg
Dolby Digital soundtracks found on most DVDs also carry the Dolby Surround soundtrack so when you put a Dolby Digital disc in your DVD player, your Dolby Prologic receiver will understand only the Dolby Surround soundtrack (But you will no hear true Dolby Digital Surround Sound)
For Dolby Surround the sound is coded into two normal ANALOG stereo tracks. Then your Dolby Prologic reciver decodes the stereo signal into four channels (Front L, Front R, Center and Rear) and then sends signals to each speaker (Front L, Front R, Center, Rear L and Rear R). But rear signal is the same monophonic signal for both rear speakers and it have limited frecuency range (so deep bass will never come out from these speakers).
For DTS and Dolby Digital soundtracks the surround sound is recorded into 5 full frecuency range separated DIGITAL audio channels and 1 additional LFE channel (low frecuency effects) to carry only deep bass effects. And you will need to use a Dolby Digital / DTS compatible AV receiver and use digital signal connection cables to decode this formats.
You must understand too that Dolby and DTS are manufacturers brands and they have competing equivalent surround formats:
"Dolby Prologic" and "DTS Neo" are equivalent competing formats to decode analog stereo soundtracks.
"Dolby Digital" and "DTS" are equivalent competing formats to decode 5.1 digital soundtracks.
"Dolby Digital EX" and "DTS ES" are equivalent competing formats to decode 6.1 digital soundtracks.